In the realm of fiber optic communications, different cables play crucial roles in facilitating high-speed data transmission. Two primary types are the all-dielectric self-supporting (ADSS) optical cable and the optical ground wire (OPGW) optical cable. Despite their shared objective of transmitting data, these cables diverge significantly in terms of structure, application, and installation methods. This blog seeks to elucidate these distinctions, aiding in the informed selection between ADSS fiber optic cables and OPGW fiber optic cables.

What is ADSS Cable?

OPGW, or Optical Ground Wire, is a dual-purpose cable. A major advantage of OPGW fiber optic cable is its ability to work as a ground wire for power transmission lines. This means it can provide data transmission and grounding functions, simplifying the design of power transmission lines and reducing the amount of fiber optic cables required. However, ADSS fiber optic cables are not conductive and cannot be used as ground wires.

These cables are lightweight and inherently self-supporting, eliminating the necessity for additional support structures. This characteristic enhances cost-effectiveness and facilitates easy installation over extended distances. ADSS cables are commonly deployed in areas where electrical interference is a concern, particularly near high-voltage power lines.

What is OPGW Cable?

OPGW, or Optical Ground Wire, is a dual-purpose cable. Apart from transmitting telecommunication signals, It functions as grounding wires for electric power systems, incorporating both optical fibers and metallic components to carry out these dual functions.

The metallic elements in OPGW cables are electrically conductive and careful installation is critical to mitigating electrical hazards. Despite this consideration, their dual functionality as grounding wires positions them as indispensable components in numerous power systems. Typically situated atop power line towers, OPGW cables act as shields against lightning strikes.

While OPGW and ADSS cables may share a visual resemblance, crucial distinctions exist that render them suitable for diverse applications and environments. A comprehensive understanding of these differences is vital when choosing the right fiber optic cable for specific purposes.

What Are the Differences Between ADSS Cable and OPGW Cable?

Installation Method:

One significant distinction between OPGW (Optical Ground Wire) and ADSS (All-Dielectric Self-Supporting) optical cables lies in their installation methods. OPGW cables are typically installed on overhead transmission lines, whereas ADSS cables are affixed to the sides of transmission towers. This variance exposes OPGW and ADSS cables to different environmental factors and physical stresses during installation.

Protective Jacket Type:

Another key differentiation pertains to the protective jacket used. OPGW cables feature a robust metal jacket, commonly made of aluminum or steel, enhancing strength and providing added protection. This metallic sheath also serves as a conductor, facilitating the OPGW cable’s role as a ground wire for transmission lines. In contrast, ADSS cables are typically enveloped in a layer of aramid yarn, furnishing strength and protection without conducting properties.

Design Differences:

The design of OPGW and ADSS optical cables diverges as well. OPGW optical cables often adopt a central tube or loose tube design, housing optical fibers filled with waterproof glue to shield against moisture. Additional protective elements, such as aramid yarn, contribute to enhanced strength Conversely, ADSS cables commonly employ a tightly buffered design, with each fiber wrapped in a protective material known as a buffer coating. This design reinforces fiber protection, rendering it more resistant to bending and crushing.

Temperature Rating:

An important contrast lies in the temperature rating of the cables. OPGW cables are typically engineered for temperatures ranging from -40°C to 85°C, making them suitable for extreme temperature environments. On the other hand, ADSS cables are typically designed for temperatures ranging from -40°C to 70°C, making them more suitable for milder conditions.

Transmission Performance:

Concerning transmission performance, both OPGW and ADSS optical cables exhibit similar capabilities. They can transmit data at high speeds over considerable distances without requiring signal amplification. Additionally, both types of fiber optic cables are immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI), making them well- suited for deployment in high-EMI environments.

Cost:

Generally, OPGW cables tend to be more expensive than ADSS cables. This cost difference arises from the additional materials and complexity involved in manufacturing OPGW, which includes both optical fibers for data transmission and a metallic component for grounding in high-voltage environments. ADSS cables , being all-dielectric and self-supporting, are often more cost-effective to install as they don’t require separate support structures.

Application:

OPGW (Optical Ground Wire) cables are predominantly applied in the power utility sector, particularly in high-voltage overhead transmission lines, where their dual functionality—serving as both a ground wire for electrical fault current and a conduit for data transmission—proves essential. OPGW cables are chosen for their ability to protect against lightning strikes while facilitating communication within power grids.

In contrast, ADSS (All-Dielectric Self-Supporting) cables find their primary application in telecommunications networks, especially in urban and suburban areas, providing high-speed internet and data transmission services. ADSS cables are preferred in locations where the installation of separate support structures is challenging, making them suitable for various environments, including those with limited space or high-voltage electrical lines. The choice between OPGW and ADSS depends on the specific requirements of the given project or application, with OPGW tailored for power transmission and ADSS for telecommunications.

Conclusion

ADSS (All-Dielectric Self-Supporting) and OPGW (Optical Ground Wire) cables play pivotal roles in contemporary telecommunications and power systems. Despite sharing some similarities, their distinctions in structure and application render them suitable for distinct scenarios. A comprehensive understanding of these differences is crucial for selecting the most appropriate cable based on specific requirements.

As one of the leading suppliers of fiber optics and optical cables, Holight produces a range of high quality fiber optic cables. Such as ADSS optical cable, OPGW optical cable, GJEJY optical cable, GYFXY optical cable, figure 8 optical cable, etc. If you need any support, please feel free to contact us at sales@holightoptic.com.